| System | Nickname | Operation | Speed | Effort | Control | Examples | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | | The Autopilot | Automatic, associative, intuitive | Instant | Zero | Involuntary | Detect anger in a voice, solve 2+2, read a billboard. | | System 2 | The Conscious Controller | Deliberate, analytical, rule-following | Slow | High | Voluntary | Focus on a loud crowd, compute 17×24, check a logical argument. |
| Key Principle | Meaning | | :--- | :--- | | | Losing $100 hurts about twice as much as gaining $100 feels good. | | Diminishing Sensitivity | The difference between $0 and $100 feels huge; $900 to $1,000 feels small. | | Reference Point | You judge outcomes as gains or losses relative to your current state , not as absolute wealth. | Thinking- Fast and Slow
| Self | Measures | Bias | Example | | :--- | :--- | :--- | :--- | | | Moment-to-moment pain/pleasure | Ignores duration (duration neglect) | A 60-second warm bath + 1 second freezing cold is mostly pleasant moment-by-moment. | | Remembering | The story of the experience | Focuses on peak and end (Peak-End Rule) | The same bath is remembered as awful because of the cold ending. | | System | Nickname | Operation | Speed