Power System — Analysis Lecture Notes Ppt

[ \textpu value = \frac\textActual value\textBase value ]

[ L = 2\times 10^-7 \ln \left( \fracDr' \right) \ \textH/m ] where ( r' = r \cdot e^-1/4 ) (geometric mean radius, GMR). power system analysis lecture notes ppt

[ I_a1 = \fracV_fZ_1 + Z_2 + Z_0 + 3Z_f ] [ I_f = 3I_a1 ] [ \textpu value = \frac\textActual value\textBase value ]

Generator: 10 MVA, 11 kV, ( X_d'' = 0.12 ) pu. Transformer 10 MVA, 11/132 kV, ( X_t = 0.08 ) pu. Line impedance 20 Ω (on 132 kV). Fault at 132 kV bus. Find ( I_f ) in kA. Line impedance 20 Ω (on 132 kV)

[ I_f = \fracV_thZ_th + Z_f ] where ( Z_th ) includes generators (using subtransient reactance ( X_d'' )).

| Line type | R (Ω/km) | L (mH/km) | C (nF/km) | |-----------|----------|-----------|-----------| | Short (<80 km) | lumped | ignored | ignored | | Medium (80–240 km) | lumped | lumped | lumped (π model) | | Long (>240 km) | distributed parameters | | | 4. Load Flow Analysis (PPT Module 4) Goal: Determine voltage magnitude & angle at each bus for given loads/generations.

Fault clears at angle ( \delta_c ). System stable if area ( A_1 ) (accelerating) = area ( A_2 ) (decelerating).