1. Introduction The Universal Milling Machine is one of the most versatile machine tools in the metalworking industry. Unlike plain milling machines, its distinguishing feature is a table that can be swiveled horizontally (typically up to ±45° to 60°), allowing helical and spiral cutting operations. Its name, fresadora universal , reflects its ability to perform a wide range of complex tasks without requiring multiple specialized machines. 2. Main Components (Partes Principales) The universal milling machine consists of the following key structural and mechanical elements: