14. Compare and contrast the March Revolution (spontaneous) with the November Revolution (organized). Which was more of a "coup d'état" and why? 15. Primary Source Analysis (Hypothetical): If you were a Russian soldier in 1917, which slogan—"Continue the war for honor" (Provisional Government) or "Peace, Land, and Bread" (Lenin)—would appeal to you more? Explain. Key Vocabulary List (For Study) | Russian Term | Meaning | | :--- | :--- | | Czar | Emperor (from Latin Caesar ) | | Duma | Russian parliament | | Soviet | Council of workers/soldiers | | Bolshevik | "One of the majority" (Lenin’s radical faction) | | Menshevik | "One of the minority" (moderate socialist faction) | | Cheka | Bolshevik secret police | Summary Paragraph (Fill-in-the-blank) Complete the following summary using the word bank:
Nicholas II, March, November, Lenin, Bread, Provisional Government, Winter Palace, Brest-Litovsk Chapter 30 Section 1 Guided Reading Revolutions In Russia
Introduction: The Tinderbox of Empire In the early 20th century, Russia was a land of stark contrasts. Under the iron-fisted rule of Czar Nicholas II , the Russian Empire stretched from Eastern Europe to the Pacific Ocean. Yet, behind its military might and glittering royal court lay a society crippled by feudalism, industrial poverty, and absolute autocracy. While Western Europe had embraced democracy and industrialization, Russia clung to the past. This section explores how the pressures of World War I ignited two massive upheavals in 1917—the March Revolution (which toppled the czar) and the November Revolution (which brought the radical Bolsheviks to power). Part 1: The Fall of the Romanov Dynasty (Pre-1917) The Weakness of Autocracy For over 300 years, the Romanov family ruled with absolute power. Czar Nicholas II (reigned 1894–1917) firmly believed he was appointed by God. He refused to share power, rejecting even a modest parliament (the Duma) after the 1905 Revolution. Key Vocabulary List (For Study) | Russian Term
The Russian Revolution was not one but two upheavals in 1917. The first, the __________ Revolution, was spontaneous and forced Czar __________ to abdicate. It created a weak __________ __________. The second, the __________ Revolution, was a carefully planned coup led by Vladimir __________, whose slogans included "Peace, Land, and __________." The Bolsheviks seized the __________ __________ with little resistance. Lenin then took Russia out of WWI by signing the humiliating Treaty of , which cost Russia huge amounts of territory. This concludes the guided reading for Chapter 30, Section 1. Proceed to Section 2: Totalitarianism in Russia (Stalin’s Rise). the __________ Revolution
